Grammar
Grammar is the system that lets you say something you have never said before and still be understood. These free lessons take one structure at a time, show it in real sentences rather than tables, explain when native speakers actually use it, and finish with practice questions and answers so you can check yourself. Lessons run from A1 through to C1.
A1 (Beginner)
21Greetings & Introductions
Say hello, ask how someone is, and introduce yourself naturally in English. A practical beginner lesson with 20 questions.
A1Verb To Be: am, is, are
The most important verb in English. Learn am, is and are - positives, negatives, questions and short answers - with clear tables and 20 practice questions.
A1Subject Pronouns & Possessive Adjectives
Learn I/you/he/she/it/we/they and my/your/his/her/our/their, plus the famous its vs it's trap. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Articles: a, an, the
Master a, an and the - when to use each, the sound rule, and when to use no article at all. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Singular & Plural Nouns
Make nouns plural: the -s rule, spelling patterns (-es, -ies, -ves), and irregular plurals like children and people. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Demonstratives: this, that, these, those
Point to things near and far, singular and plural. A clear beginner lesson on demonstratives with 20 questions.
A1There is & There are
Say what exists and describe places, with there is/there are, some/any, negatives and questions. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Numbers, Dates & Telling the Time
Say numbers, tell the time (half past, quarter to), and give dates with ordinals. A practical beginner lesson with 20 questions.
A1Present Simple
Habits and routines: positives with -s, negatives with don't/doesn't, questions with do/does, and frequency words. Core beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Adverbs of Frequency
How often things happen - always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never - and exactly where to place them. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Question Words: what, where, when, who, why, how
Ask about anything using Wh- question words and the right word order, including How many / How much / How old. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Object Pronouns: me, him, her, us, them
The partners of subject pronouns: me, you, him, her, it, us, them - used after verbs and prepositions. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Talking About Your Family
Family vocabulary plus have / have got to describe who you have - with questions, negatives, and the age trap. Practical beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Adjectives & Word Order
Describe nouns with adjectives - placed before the noun or after “to be” - and learn why English adjectives never change. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Comparatives & Superlatives
Compare two things (taller than) and find the best of many (the tallest), including irregular forms like good/better/best. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Prepositions of Time & Place: in, on, at
The clear patterns for in, on and at - for both time and place - plus the key exceptions. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Present Continuous
Describe what is happening right now with be + verb-ing, including -ing spelling and present simple vs continuous. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Can & Can’t: Ability & Permission
Use can and can't to talk about what you are able to do and what you are allowed to do - one easy form for every subject. Beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Like, Love & Hate + -ing
Say what you enjoy and dislike using like, love, enjoy and hate followed by the -ing form. Practical beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Imperatives: Giving Instructions
Give instructions, directions and advice with the base verb, and say what not to do with Don't. Practical beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A1Past Simple
Talk about finished past actions: regular -ed verbs, common irregular verbs, and did/didn't for negatives and questions. Core beginner grammar with 20 questions.
A2 (Elementary)
14Past Continuous
Describe past actions in progress with was/were + -ing, and combine with the past simple using when and while. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Countable & Uncountable Nouns
Tell countable from uncountable nouns and choose some, any, much, many, a few and a little correctly. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Possessive Pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers
Replace a noun and show possession with mine, yours, his, hers, ours and theirs - and never with an apostrophe. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Future with Going To
Talk about future plans and predictions with be + going to. The first step into A2 grammar, with 20 practice questions.
A2Future with Will
Use will for instant decisions, promises, offers and predictions - and learn how it differs from going to. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Present Perfect
Connect past and present with have/has + past participle - for experiences and unfinished time, with ever, never, already, yet, for and since. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Used to: Past Habits
Talk about past habits and situations that are no longer true with used to - and the disappearing “d” in negatives and questions. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Adverbs of Manner
Describe how actions are done by adding -ly to adjectives, plus irregulars like well, fast and hard. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2As…as, too & enough
Say things are equal with as...as, and show degree with too (before the adjective) and enough (after it). The final A2 grammar lesson, with 20 questions.
A2Should & Shouldn’t: Giving Advice
Give and ask for advice with should and shouldn't - one easy form, base verb, no “to”. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Have to & Don’t Have to: Obligation
Express necessity with have to / has to, and lack of necessity (optional, not forbidden) with don't have to. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Must & Mustn’t: Rules & Prohibition
Use must for strong obligation and mustn't for prohibition - and learn the key difference between mustn't (forbidden) and don't have to (optional). A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2First Conditional
Talk about real future possibilities and their results: if + present simple, will + base verb. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
A2Question Tags
Add natural checking questions to the end of sentences - positive sentence, negative tag, and vice versa. A2 grammar with 20 questions.
B1 (Intermediate)
22Past Simple Questions
At B1 you make clear past questions with question words (what, where, when, why, who, how) and the past form of did or was/were. The tricky part is knowing when…
B1Present Perfect Continuous
Talk about how long an action has been happening with have/has been + -ing, using for, since and How long. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Present Perfect vs Past Simple
This is one of the most important contrasts at B1. Both tenses talk about the past, but they answer different questions. Past Simple talks about a finished time; Present Perfect…
B1Past Continuous vs Past Simple
At B1 you tell stories about the past by combining two tenses. Past Simple = a completed action. Past Continuous = an action in progress around a past moment. Together…
B1Past Perfect
The “past before the past”: use had + past participle for the earlier of two past actions, with when, before and after. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Future Continuous
The Future Continuous describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future. Form: will be + verb-ing.
B1Second Conditional
Talk about imaginary and unlikely situations with if + past simple, would + base verb - and give advice with “If I were you...”. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Third Conditional
The Third Conditional talks about the past and imagines a different result - something that did not happen. We use it for regrets and hypothetical past situations.
B1Verb Patterns: Infinitive or -ing
When two verbs meet, the second takes the infinitive (to do) or -ing (doing) - decided by the first verb, with -ing always after prepositions. The first B1 lesson, with 20 questions.
B1Used to, be used to & get used to
These three look similar but mean very different things. The key is what comes after, and whether you mean a past habit or being familiar/comfortable with something.
B1Modals of Deduction: must, might, can’t
We use modal verbs to make deductions - guesses based on evidence. At B1 the key three are must (I'm sure it's true), might/could/may (it's possible), and can't (I'm sure…
B1Past Modals: should have, must have, might have
Past modals talk about the past with an opinion or guess. At B1 the key ones are should have (criticism/regret), shouldn't have (a past mistake), and might have / could…
B1Passive Voice
Focus on the action with be + past participle across tenses, and name the doer with “by”. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Reported Speech
Tell what others said with the tense shifting one step back, plus say vs tell and reported questions with if/whether. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Indirect Questions
Embedded (indirect) questions are questions inside a longer sentence or another question. They are more polite, and the word order changes back to normal sentence order (subject + verb).
B1Relative Clauses: Defining & Non-Defining
Relative clauses add information about a noun using who, which, that, whose, where, when. At B1 you learn two kinds: defining (essential information, no commas) and non-defining (extra information, with…
B1Quantifiers: much, many, a few, a little
Quantifiers tell us how much or how many. The choice depends on whether the noun is countable (books, people) or uncountable (water, time, money).
B1Both, Either & Neither
We use both, either and neither to talk about two people or things. The trick is the verb: both is plural, neither is usually singular, and either is singular.
B1So, Such, Too & Enough
These words add emphasis or talk about degree. so and such make things stronger; too means more than you want; enough means the right amount.
B1Articles: Zero Article & Advanced Use
At B1 you go beyond the basics of a/an/the and learn when to use no article (the “zero article”) and how the works with general vs specific meaning.
B1Prepositions of Movement
Show direction and journeys with to, into, out of, through, across, along, up, down and past - and give clear directions. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B1Connectors: because, so, although, however
Join ideas to show reason (because), result (so), and contrast (although, however, but) - with correct punctuation. B1 grammar with 20 questions.
B2 (Upper-Intermediate)
22Narrative Tenses
At B2 you combine several past forms to tell a story clearly. Narrative tenses are the four past tenses working together: Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, and Past Perfect…
B2Future Forms: Choosing the Right One
English has many ways to talk about the future, and at B2 the skill is choosing the right one for the meaning. This lesson compares the main future forms and…
B2Future: be about to & be due to
Beyond will and going to, English has precise expressions for the near or scheduled future. At B2 these add nuance: how soon, how certain, or how officially planned something is.
B2Future in the Past
The future in the past describes something that was still in the future at a past moment - a plan, expectation, or prediction we had back then. It's essential for…
B2Mixed Conditionals
Mixed conditionals combine two different time frames in one sentence. They appear when the condition and the result belong to different times - most often a past condition with a…
B2Conditionals: unless, as long as, provided
Beyond if, English has several conjunctions that introduce conditions with subtle differences in meaning: unless, as long as, provided/providing (that), on condition that, even if, whether or not, in case.
B2Wish, If Only & It’s Time
To express regrets, wishes and complaints, English uses past tenses with present or unreal meaning after wish, if only, it's time, and would rather. The tense shifts “one step back”…
B2Modals of Obligation, Permission & Prohibition
At B2 you handle the finer distinctions between modal verbs of obligation, permission and prohibition - including the difference between external rules and personal opinion, and the tricky contrast between…
B2Speculation & Deduction
At B2 you speculate and deduce about both the present and the past, and you add expressions beyond modals. The degree of certainty - from sure to merely possible - …
B2Passive: Reporting Structures & Two Objects
At B2 the passive goes beyond the basics. You learn passive reporting structures (used to distance yourself from a claim) and the passive with two objects. These are common in…
B2Causative: have & get something done
The causative describes arranging for someone else to do something for you. Instead of doing the job yourself, you have or get it done. This is a key B2 structure…
B2Gerunds & Infinitives: Advanced Patterns
At B2 you master the trickier side of gerunds (-ing) and infinitives (to + verb): verbs that change meaning depending on which you choose, and the complex forms (perfect, passive,…
B2Verbs of the Senses: see, hear, feel
Verbs of perception - see, hear, watch, feel, notice, listen to - follow special patterns at B2. What follows them (an infinitive without to, or an -ing form) changes the…
B2Relative Clauses: Reduced & with Prepositions
B1 introduced basic relative clauses. At B2 you refine them: using prepositions in relative clauses, quantifiers + of which/whom, reduced relative clauses, and which to comment on a whole clause.
B2Participle Clauses
Participle clauses let you combine two ideas into one shorter, more elegant sentence. They use a participle (-ing, -ed, or having + past participle) instead of a full clause, and…
B2Clauses of Contrast, Purpose, Reason & Result
This lesson groups four key types of subordinate clause that B2 writing relies on: contrast (although), purpose (so that), reason (because/due to) and result (so...that). The challenge is the grammar…
B2Discourse Markers
Discourse markers (linking words) connect ideas across sentences and signal how a text is organised. Using them well is one of the clearest signs of B2 writing and a major…
B2Modifying Comparatives
B1 covered basic comparatives (bigger, more expensive). At B2 you modify them to show how big the difference is, and use special structures like the + comparative, the + comparative.
B2Compound Adjectives
Compound adjectives are made of two or more words joined (usually with a hyphen) to describe a noun: a well-known author, a five-year-old child. They make your English more precise…
B2Reflexive & Reciprocal Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, etc.) refer back to the subject, and reciprocal pronouns (each other, one another) show a two-way action. B2 focuses on when they're needed - and when…
B2Inversion with Negative Adverbials
Inversion means putting the auxiliary verb before the subject, as in a question. When certain negative or limiting adverbials start a sentence, English inverts the subject and verb for emphasis.…
B2Cleft Sentences
Cleft sentences split one idea into two parts to emphasise a particular element. “Cleft” means “divided.” They let you highlight what matters most - a very useful tool for clear,…
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